Márcio Fernandes
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modified: docs/desktop-environments/kde.md renamed: docs/desktop-environments/xfc4.md -> docs/desktop-environments/xfce4.md new file: docs/display-managers/gdm.md new file: docs/display-managers/sddm.md new file: docs/display-protocols/wayland.md new file: docs/display-protocols/x11.md new file: docs/window-managers/hyprland.md new file: docs/window-managers/kwin.md
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x11
x11 (also known as the X Window System) is a display protocol and windowing system that provides the graphical interface layer for Unix-like operating systems, including Linux. It’s been the foundation of Linux GUIs for decades, though it’ s now being gradually replaced by Wayland.
🧩 Core Concepts of X11
- Client–Server Architecture:
- The X server handles input/output devices (keyboard, mouse, display).
- X clients are applications that request graphical output and user input.
- Network Transparency:
- X11 allows applications to run on one machine and display on another over a network — a key feature for remote GUI sessions.
- Protocol Version:
- The current version is X11, released in 1987.
- That’s why it’s often called “X11” even though the system itself is just “X.”
- Modularity:
- X11 doesn’t dictate window decorations or behavior — that’s handled by window managers like KWin, i3, or Openbox.
- It also doesn’t include a desktop environment — DEs like GNOME or KDE build on top of X11.