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# Linux # Linux
- [Distro](#distro) - [Linux](#linux)
- [Graphical Environment](#graphical-environment) - [Distro](#distro)
- [Display Managers](#display-managers) - [Graphical Environment](#graphical-environment)
- [cli - utils](#cli---utils) - [Display Managers](#display-managers)
- [Graphical Applications](#graphical-applications) - [cli - utils](#cli---utils)
- [Gnome Files/Nautilus](#gnome-filesnautilus) - [Graphical Applications](#graphical-applications)
- [Commands and Utilities](#commands-and-utilities) - [Gnome Files/Nautilus](#gnome-filesnautilus)
- [Navigation and File Management](#navigation-and-file-management) - [Commands and Utilities](#commands-and-utilities)
- [Archiving and Compression](#archiving-and-compression) - [Navigation and File Management](#navigation-and-file-management)
- [tar](#tar) - [mount disks](#mount-disks)
- [Users, Groups, and File permissions](#users-groups-and-file-permissions) - [Archiving and Compression](#archiving-and-compression)
- [loginctl](#loginctl) - [tar](#tar)
- [terminate-user](#terminate-user) - [Users, Groups, and File permissions](#users-groups-and-file-permissions)
- [Network Configuration](#network-configuration) - [loginctl](#loginctl)
- [hostname / hostnamectl](#hostname--hostnamectl) - [terminate-user](#terminate-user)
- [static ip](#static-ip) - [Network Configuration](#network-configuration)
- [network utilities](#network-utilities) - [hostname / hostnamectl](#hostname--hostnamectl)
- [ss - another utility to investigate sockets](#ss---another-utility-to-investigate-sockets) - [static ip](#static-ip)
- [processes](#processes) - [network utilities](#network-utilities)
- [System info](#system-info) - [ss - another utility to investigate sockets](#ss---another-utility-to-investigate-sockets)
- [System Monitoring Utilities](#system-monitoring-utilities) - [processes](#processes)
- [btop](#btop) - [System info](#system-info)
- [memory usage by user](#memory-usage-by-user) - [System Monitoring Utilities](#system-monitoring-utilities)
- [ps - examples](#ps---examples) - [btop](#btop)
- [swap](#swap) - [memory usage by user](#memory-usage-by-user)
- [Storage](#storage) - [ps - examples](#ps---examples)
- [Disk Space and Used](#disk-space-and-used) - [swap](#swap)
- [Physical Disks and Partition](#physical-disks-and-partition) - [Storage](#storage)
- [hdparm](#hdparm) - [Disk Space and Used](#disk-space-and-used)
- [smartctl](#smartctl) - [Physical Disks and Partition](#physical-disks-and-partition)
- [Network Storage](#network-storage) - [Partition Manager](#partition-manager)
- [smb](#smb) - [hdparm](#hdparm)
- [gio](#gio) - [smartctl](#smartctl)
- [CLI Diagnostics and System Topology](#cli-diagnostics-and-system-topology) - [Network Storage](#network-storage)
- [lspci](#lspci) - [smb](#smb)
- [sudo](#sudo) - [gio](#gio)
- [rsync](#rsync) - [CLI Diagnostics and System Topology](#cli-diagnostics-and-system-topology)
- [lspci](#lspci)
- [sudo](#sudo)
- [rsync](#rsync)
## Distro ## Distro
@@ -83,7 +86,7 @@ systemctl status display-manager
### Navigation and File Management ### Navigation and File Management
📁 List information about the FILEs (the current directory by default). List information about the FILEs (the current directory by default).
```bash ```bash
#order by date #order by date
@@ -96,11 +99,16 @@ ls -r
ls -lah ls -lah
``` ```
## mount disks
- <https://linuxvox.com/blog/ubuntu-automatically-mount-drive/>
- <https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/how-to-run-script-after-mounting-nfs-with-systemd-in-linux/>
### Archiving and Compression ### Archiving and Compression
#### tar #### tar
**📦 tar** is a command-line utility in Unix/Linux used to archive multiple files into a single file, often for backup, compression, or distribution. The name stands for “tape archive”, originally designed for writing data to magnetic tape. **tar** is a command-line utility in Unix/Linux used to archive multiple files into a single file, often for backup, compression, or distribution. The name stands for “tape archive”, originally designed for writing data to magnetic tape.
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